Benign Pelger-Huët anomaly

The Pelger-Huët anomaly is characterized by neutrophils with hypolobated nuclei, including bilobed forms connected by a thin chromatin filament. Congenital Pelger-Huët anomaly is a benign condition associated with autosomal dominant inheritance of mutations in the lamin B–receptor gene and with 55% to 95% of circulating neutrophils exhibiting classic dysmorphology. Lamins create a structural link between chromatin and the internal nuclear membrane, thereby influencing nuclear shape. Acquired or pseudo Pelger-Huët can be associated with myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, and leukemoid reactions, or can be drug-induced. In these conditions, nuclear bilobation is generally asymmetric and is present in roughly 25% (clonal disorders) to 50% (drug-induced) of granulocytes. An additional distinguishing feature is chromatin clumping in multiple hematopoietic cells in the congenital form that is present only in granulocytes in the acquired anomaly. Importantly, cytopenias are not associated with congenital Pelger-Huët anomaly and likely reflect underlying hepatitis C virus cirrhosis in this case.

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A case of benign Pelger-Huët anomaly

Source: Blood Journal